This is long but worth reading
Posted by Eugene Volokh:
Hunting Violation Checkpoints:
http://volokh.com/archives/archive_2009_09_06-2009_09_12.shtml#1252620396 The [1]Sacramento Bee reports:
The California Department of Fish and Game will stage three
roadside checkpoints in Placer County on Sunday in an effort to
catch hunting violations....
"The checkpoint is there to find violations of the Fish and Game
Code," said Placer County Game Warden Brian Moore. "It could be
anything -- out of season hunting or animals that are fully
protected -- that could come through." ...
Wardens will stop vehicles to inquire about hunting and fishing
activity and check licenses.
That's pretty clearly a Fourth Amendment violation, under the Supreme
Court's decision in [2]City of Indianapolis v. Edmond (2000), which
held that similar checkpoints aimed at uncovering drug couriers were
unconstitutional. Here's a relevant excerpt from Edmond:
The Fourth Amendment requires that searches and seizures be
reasonable. A search or seizure is ordinarily unreasonable in the
absence of individualized suspicion of wrongdoing. Chandler v.
Miller, 520 U.S. 305, 308 (1997). While such suspicion is not an
"irreducible" component of reasonableness, we have recognized only
limited circumstances in which the usual rule does not apply.
Read the rest at the link