Welcome, LaMott
I see this is your 1st post.
Tab is giving good advice, but I'm as usual going to ask more questions to qualify my answer.
If your able to hunt all these species in your home state, you must be north, very north perhaps. If I needed a rifle for all of the above, I would probably go at least 7mm magnum, and maybe up to .338 winchester magnum. Magnum cartridges are expensive compared to the more common, 30-06, .308, .270, and these lower powered cartridges have done handsomely for a very long time.
If I was chosing from these, the 30-06 would be the first choice due to the wide variety of bullet types and weight available. But if you get into premium ammunition, the cost will be very close to the magnum calibers. Knock down is combination of bullet construction, velocity, and shot placement versus animal tenacity. Faster and heavier is generally better. Accuracy has more to do with the rifle/shooter potential than the cartridge potential. Give me a 30-06 in the heart over a .460 Weatherby in the ass, everytime. Trajectory, with good medium range to the biggest, baddest cartridges, ( the .50bmg, and all the chey tacs excluded)
the worst to the best are only truly 100 yards apart for the point blank 0, where the bullet will rise and fall within an 8" circle without adjusting your sight. If you are willing to learn your rifle/cartridge and scope, learn some distance judging, and wind doping, thats when you really start to see and understand marksmanship. For most hunting with a good medium to heavy cartridge, and a proper zero, you'll be good to 300 yards with no holdover.